▎ 摘　　要

Hierarchically microstructured tri-axial poly(vinyl alcohol)/graphene nanoplatelet (PVA/GNP) composite fibers were fabricated using a dry-jet wet spinning technique. The composites with distinct PVA/GNPs/PVA phases led to highly oriented and evenly distributed graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) as a result of molecular chain-assisted interfacial exfoliation. With a concentration of 3.3 wt% continuously aligned GNPs, the composite achieved a similar to 73.5% increase in Young's modulus (similar to 38 GPa), as compared to the pure PVA fiber, and an electrical conductivity of similar to 0.38 S m(-1), one of the best mechanical/electrical properties reported for polymer/GNP nanocomposite fibers. This study has broader impacts on textile engineering, wearable robotics, smart sensors, and optoelectronic devices.