▎ 摘　　要

It is known that graphene layers, even thin, can lower strongly the temperature of heated metals. Pyrometry allows one to measure only brightness temperature, and the actual temperature remains unknown, although it is of interest. We propose a method to measure the actual temperature of surface graphene based on simultaneous measurement of thermionic emission and surface thermoionization of non-readily ionizable atoms, so called TESI method. It was used to measure first the change of actual temperature in layer by layer growth of graphene and graphite at a metal surface from the 1st layer up to approximate to 40 layers (approximate to 112 nm), when the emissivity is due only to the film features. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.