▎ 摘　　要

We studied the effect of covalent functionalization of graphene oxide (GO) and nanodiamond (ND) with octadecylamine (ODA) on bacterial growth (a series of experiments was performed also with pristine single-walled carbon nanotubes [SWNTs] for comparison). The bacteria tested wereEscherichia coliandStaphylococcus aureus, which represent Gram-positive and Gram-negative types, respectively, and are of importance for the environment and human health. We found that pristine GO is the most toxic nanomaterial in both bacteria species, which exhibits a dose-dependent behavior. SWNTs show toxicity only againstS. aureusat the higher concentrations of 1.0 and 10 mg/mL. Pristine ND, as expected, was found to be the least toxic against both species of bacteria, and in the experiments withS. aureusit even showed a viability amplifier activity at 10 mg/mL concentration. The use of ODA-functionalized nanomaterials generally changed the toxicity behavior, neutralizing the antibacterial effect of GO (for bothS. aureusandE. coli), but making ODA-functionalized ND more toxic as compared to pristine material (with respect toS. aureus).