▎ 摘　　要

Despite its high capacity as a promising candidate material for lithium-ion battery anodes, SiOx (x < 2) has the limitation of low conductivity and large volume change during cycling of SiOx, leading to low lithium-ion transport rate, electrode destruction, and thus poor lithium-ion storage performance. Herein, a novel 3D vertical graphene@SiOx/B-doped carbon (3DVG@SiOx/BC) composite microsphere with 3DVG grown on SiOBC microspheres prepared by the pyrolysis of liquid tris(trimethylsilyl) borate in a sealed vessel using thermal chemical vapor deposition is reported. SiOBC can be transformed into SiOx/BC with homogeneously dispersed subnanoscale SiOx and BC particles during heating. The subnanoscale BC particles in spheres and 3DVG surface provide a fast lithium-ion transport path and a robust skeleton, with an ultrahigh lithium-ion diffusion coefficient (1.7 x 10(-9) cm(2) s(-1)) and an ultralow volume change (13.8%). The 3DVG@SiOx/BC microspheres exhibit a high electrical conductivity (6.5 x 10(3) S m(-1)) and tap density (0.83 g cm(-3)) as well as a high capacity, long cycling life, and excellent rate capability as anodes in half/full cells. The full cell with LiCoO2 as the cathode shows a high gravimetric and volumetric energy density of 459.4 Wh kg(-1) and 1167.9 Wh L-1, respectively.