▎ 摘　　要

Membrane fouling and biofouling are major challenges in the application of membrane technology for wastewater treatment. The synthesis of antifouling and antibiofouling dual functionality membranes is a promising approach to tackling these problems. In this work, we fabricated a high-efficiency dual functionality polyethersulfone (PES) ultrafiltration membrane by blending an antibacterial reduced graphene oxide-ZnO nanocomposite into a PES matrix (rGO/ZnO-PES) followed by surface grafting of a low-fouling polyampholyte hydrogel (rGO/ZnO-z-PES). The antibacterial activity of the blended membrane was optimized by changing the nanocomposite fraction in the PES dope solution. Surface characterizations (SEMEDS, XPS, ATR-FTIR, contact angle, and Zeta potential) confirmed the successful grafting of the zwitterionic hydrogel on the rGO/ZnO-PES membrane surface. Contact killing assays revealed that the polyampholyte hydrogel grafting did not affect the high antibacterial activity of the rGO/ZnO-PES membrane. Dynamic filtration experiments demonstrated the very high antifouling and antibiofouling of the rGO/ ZnO-z-PES membrane, and significantly higher than those of the rGO/ZnO-PES and pristine PES membranes. The measured concentration of zinc ions in the permeate was low. Overall, our results demonstrate that the rGO/ZnO-z-PES membrane has excellent antifouling and antibiofouling performance and is stable and safe, and therefore very promising for wastewater treatment. (c) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.