▎ 摘 要
The linear electrodynamic properties of graphene-the frequency-dependent conductivity, the transmission spectra and collective excitations-are briefly outlined. The non-linear frequency multiplication effects in graphene are studied, taking into account the influence of the self-consistent-field effects and of the magnetic field. The predicted phenomena can be used for creation of new devices for microwave and terahertz optics and electronics. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.