▎ 摘　　要

Direct writing technology of graphene-based fibers has drawn riveting attention in recent years owing to its outstanding production of complex structure with arbitrary geometry. Dexterous writing and precise regulation of structure are dependent on the writing inks and coagulation baths, especially the movement modes and combination types of the writing needle. Controlling these factors properly, graphene-based fibers with different structure and their assemblies can be constructed directly. However, there is still a lack of classified review papers that cover the controlling factors for fibers/assemblies and the corresponding functional properties, which is exactly the purpose of this review. Here, we systematically summarize the controllable factors of the direct writing technology in the fabricating process and tease the relationship between controllable factors and fiber structures. Furthermore, we discuss applications of the prepared fibers and their assemblies as well as the development prospect of this method. This review may provide an idea for the direct preparation of complex fiber structures for other materials. (C) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.