▎ 摘　　要

The highly oriented macroporous graphene monoliths hybridized with carbon-coated metal oxide or phosphate (C/M/GM) with core/shell structure were fabricated by an ice-templating co-assembly of M/GO nanosheets (metal oxide/phosphates decorated graphene oxide) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and following thermal treatment. With either tin oxide (SnO2) or iron phosphate (FePO4), the resulting C/M/GMs possess periodic macropores with diameters ranging from 5 to 20 mu m and high loading contents of active components (similar to 70 wt%). Served as the anode in LIBs, C/SnO2/GM maintains an ultrahigh capacity of 1665 mA h g(-1) at a current density of 0.2 A g(-1) for 200 cycles. Even at an ultrafast charge rate of 10 A g(-1), a decent capacity of 300 mA h g(-1) can still be achieved, with excellent cycling stability. And C/FePO4/GM also delivers a highly reversible capacity of 175 mA h g(-1) at a current density of 0.05 A g(-1) for 150 cycles and a good capacity of 57 mA h g(-1) at 2 A g(-1) when as the LIB cathode electrode. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.