▎ 摘 要
A single atomic layer of carbon, graphene, has the low-energy "relativistic- like" gapless quasiparticle excitations which in the continuum approximation are described by quantum electrodynamics in 2+1 dimensions. The Dirac-like character of charge carriers in graphene leads to several unique electronic properties which are important for applications in electronic devices. We study the gap opening in graphene following the ideas put forward by P. I. Fomin for investigation of chiral symmetry breaking and particle mass generation in quantum field theory.