▎ 摘　　要

Hypothesis: Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) has played a significant role in the utilization of energy nowadays. Nitrogen-doped carbon materials are seen as promising catalysts for ORR, so it is of great significance in studying the functions of different nitrogen moieties. Experiments: The graphene hydrogel-based nitrogen-arbon materials (GH N-C) were fabricated by first obtaining a gel through hydrothermal treatment using graphene oxide (GO) as precursor, and then calcined in an ammonia atmosphere at different temperatures to form N-doped graphitized materials with divers nitrogen configuration. Findings: GH N-C materials with tunable nitrogen configuration were synthesized by a two-step method base on graphene hydrogel. Benefiting from the 3D hydrogel structure, rich defects and optimized chemical properties, GH N-C-900 prepared by NH3 pyrolysis at 900 degrees C exhibits an excellent electrocatalytic performance toward ORR, with the onset potential of 0.947 +/- 0.013 V versus RHE, half-wave potential of 0.830 +/- 0.010 V versus RHE, electron transfer number of 3.61-3.99, along as methanol tolerance and superior long-term stability. Comprehensive studies have shown that there is a positive correlation between the total amount of pyrrolic-N and quaternary-N and the catalytic performance of ORR. (C) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.