▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Preparing graphene-modified carbon-based electrode, comprises (i) using a buffer system with a pH of 6, diluting the graphene oxide solution and using as the electrolyte, where the concentration of graphene oxide in the electrolyte after dilution is 0.3-0.5 mg/l, (ii) selecting an unmodified carbon-based electrode as a working electrode, (iii) selecting platinum electrode or glassy carbon electrode as counter electrode, (iv) using the graphene oxide solution as an electrolyte to construct a three-electrode system, and (v) using cyclic voltammetry scanning method to reduce graphene oxide in-situ to obtain reduced graphene oxide, simultaneously depositing on the surface of carbon-based materials, controlling the scanning rate of cyclic voltammetry at a value speed of 30-50 mV/s, controlling scanning potential range within -1.6 to 0.6 V, and using silver/silver chloride as reference electrode. USE - The method is useful for preparing graphene-modified carbon-based electrode. ADVANTAGE - The method: constructs a bioelectrochemical system with built-in graphene-modified carbon-based electrodes; reduces electrical resistance; reduces electrical energy loss; and strengthens sewage treatment and electrical energy recovery. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for microbial electrochemical system with built-in graphene-based electrodes, comprising (a) both anode and cathode are graphene-based electrodes, (b) anolyte system is sewage containing organic pollutants, and (c) catholyte, which comprises oxygen, potassium ferricyanide, nitrate, azo dyes, antibiotics and/or nitroaromatic hydrocarbons.