▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Producing solar cells comprising a light amplification element (E1), involves: fabricating a system comprising the element (E1) and a charge transport element, where the element (E1) comprises a light induced physical change element and a light-induced chemical change element, and the charge transport element comprises composite of hybrid graphene, composite of graphene nano platelets, and polymer, and when exposed to light energy, system undergo light induced physical change and chemical change in which electron-proton pair is generated and separated into free proton and free electron. USE - Fabricating a system used in at least one of a solar cell, photo detector, photoconductor, photo-fuel cell, a light emitting diode, and electrical power generation (claimed). ADVANTAGE - The method provides a solar cell with a relatively high efficiency, relatively low cost, and relatively safe materials for both manufacturers and end users. The hybrid composite of graphene exhibits relatively high electrical conductivity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Producing solar cells comprising a light amplification element (E1), involves: fabricating a system comprising the element (E1) and a charge transport element, where the element (E1) comprises at least one of a light induced physical change element and a light-induced chemical change element, each of the light amplification element and the charge transport element comprises at least one graphene layer, graphene oxide, graphene nano platelets, functionalized graphene, graphene hybrid composite, graphene/superconductor composite, tubular shaped nano carbon, semiconductor powder, thin film, nano wire, and nano rod, the graphene layer have a thickness of 0.1 nanometer and 50 micrometers, the charge transport element comprises at least one of a composite of hybrid graphene, a composite of graphene nano platelets, and a polymer, when exposed to light energy, the system adapted to undergo at least one of a light induced physical change in which an electron-hole pair is generated and separated into a free electron and a free hole; and a light-induced chemical change in which an electron-proton pair is generated and separated into free proton and free electron; where the element (E1) is adapted to: adsorb light energy, generate the electron-hole pair or the electron-proton pair; generate several free electrons, free holes, or free protons from an absorbed single photon; and via at least one of reducing agent or oxidizing agent, repeatedly perform a process described in Model 1 as given in Figure 5 of the specification or Model 2 as given in Figure 6 of the specification. M=metal; H=hydrogen; R=compound comprising Cl, Br, I, F, alkyl, alkenes, phenyl, aryl, alkenyl, or arylalkane (optionally substituted by -OH, -COOH, -SO3H, -SH, -NO2, -CN, -SO3H, -NR1R2, - CH2OH, -SO2, or -SO2Cl. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a system comprising a light amplification element (E1) and a charge transport element.