▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Preparing carbon-based sponge and foam material involves uniformly dispersing carbon-based materials pretreated by a low-temperature oxygen plasma surface grafting technology or modified by a surfactant into a prepolymer of sponge and foam or a polymerization monomer raw material and a solvent of the sponge and the foam, and realizing in-situ doping of the dispersed carbon-based materials to the sponge and a foam substrate framework by a foaming process of the sponge and the foam to prepare carbon-based in-situ doped sponge and foam. USE - Method for preparing carbon-based sponge and foam material ADVANTAGE - The method disperses the carbon-based material after hydrophilic pretreatment in the prepolymer or the polymerization monomer and the solvent of the sponge and the foam, and then realizes the in-situ doping of the carbon-based material to the sponge and the foam material framework by the traditional foaming process, improves the distribution uniformity and the bonding fastness of the carbon-based material in the sponge and the foam base material.