▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Making-1 zero dimensional graphene quantum dots (0-D GQDs), comprises: placing graphite oxide (GO) in a furnace; flushing the furnace with an inert gas; introducing hydrogen into the furnace; heating the GO at 200 degrees C in the presence of hydrogen; and cooling the furnace to room temperature. USE - The process is useful for producing 0-D GQDs, which are useful: in biological applications e.g. image scanning and sensing, drug delivery and cancer treatment; and for photovoltaic applications. No biological data given. ADVANTAGE - The process: provides 0-D GQDs, which are water soluble, emit blue light upon exposure to UV light, are biocompatible and have average particle size of 2.2 plus minus 1 nm (all claimed), which is less than any of the 0-D GQDs produced using existing processes; provides 0-D GQDs with uniform size; is easy to handle and fast; and is cost effective. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for: (1) making-2 0-D GQDs, comprising providing a composition comprising dried GO and treating the GO with focused solar radiation; (2) making-3 of 0-D GQDs, comprising drying GO and heating dried GO to 200 degrees C under reduced pressure; (3) making-4 of a composite of 0-D GQD and one dimensional carbon nanotubes (1-D CNT), comprising placing mixture of GO and manganese trinickel (MnNi3) in a furnace, flushing the furnace with an inert gas, introducing hydrogen into the furnace, heating the mixture to 200 degrees C in the presence of hydrogen for 5 minutes, heating the mixture to 700 degrees C, introducing acetylene to the furnace and cooling the furnace to room temperature; and (4) a composition comprising 0-D GQDs having average size of 2.2 plus minus 1 nm and the 0-D GQD absorb UV light and emit blue light.