▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - A metal-air battery comprises an anode; a low-dimensional catalyst cathode; and an electrolyte comprising a salt and an aprotic solvent. The low-dimensional catalyst cathode comprises a functional metal layer on a carbon support; a catalyst layer at least partially overlaying the functional metal layer; the aprotic solvent comprises an ether-based solvent, a fluorinated ether-based solvent, and/or oligo (ethylene oxide) solvent. The electrolyte is free of carbonate solvents. USE - A metal-air battery e.g., lithium-air battery (claimed), sodium-air battery, a potassium-air battery, a magnesium-air battery, or a zinc-air battery. ADVANTAGE - Catalyst dimensionality may be reduced, resulting in higher yields and efficiencies of the catalysts, which in turn reduces costs and improves operation. The cathodes effectively exhibit low charge potential and extended cycle life. The dimensionally constrained catalyst layer leads to an improvement in the areal energy, and the power density without additional materials or complicated processes following the discharge-charge cycles in the oxygen gas. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for: (1) low-dimensional catalyst cathode comprising a catalyst layer overlaying a functional metal layer on a carbon support, where the low-dimensional catalyst cathode is a wetting (2D) or de-wetting (0D) catalyst cathode; and (2) forming a low-dimensional catalyst cathode which involves selecting a cathode layer material and a functional metal layer material, where the functional metal layer material dewets the cathode layer material; depositing the functional metal layer material on a carbon support; and depositing the cathode layer material on at least a portion of the functional metal layer material on the carbon support.