▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - A separation membrane comprises a porous substrate layer and an active layer arranged over at least a portion of the substrate layer. The active layer is at least partially crosslinked and comprises a superhydrophilic agent. USE - Separation membrane used in pressure-assisted separation (claimed). Uses include but are not limited to ultrapure water membrane, food and/or beverage processing membrane, municipal water membrane, peel oil recovery membrane, (bio)refinery dewatering membrane, oily wastewater (pre-)treatment membrane, metal extraction membrane, desalination membrane, and protein fraction membrane. The ultrapure membrane used for producing ultra pure water for use in production of hydrogen and/or for use in chip manufacture. The food and/or beverage membrane is used as fruit juice concentration membrane, milk processing membrane used for concentrating milk, sugar refinery membrane used for separating calcium carbonate from sugar, and/or edible oil dewatering membrane. The metal extraction membrane is used for direct lithium extraction. ADVANTAGE - The separation membrane has excellent mechanical and structural integrity of layers, and has improved performance even under different pressure. The membrane provides improved yield and/or ion rejection through improvements to anti-scaling, anti-fouling and/or anti-chlorine performance. The active layer of the membrane is operable to provide improved selectivity, promoting the passage of some of the material to be separated through the component and reliably restricting passage of other materials. The ultrapure water membrane produces ultrapure water having less than 50 μ S/cm for producing green hydrogen and produces ultrapure water having less than 20 μ S/cm foe use in chip manufacture. The sugar refinery membrane improves the yield through better antifouling performance. The municipal water treatment membrane reduces the total solid content and improves the fouling and reduces the requirement for polymer or coagulant dosing. The protein extraction membrane improves yield, reduces loss and improves antifouling performance. The presence of nanoparticles in the membrane contributes to higher surface roughness and increases the specific surface contact area to the superhydrophilic layer. The dissolution or wearing out of the active layer is prevented, thereby improving the life expectancy of the membrane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following: production of separation membrane; eparation of desired component from feed flow composition; and use of a coating composition comprising a superhydrophilic agent or its precursor in the manufacture of the separation membrane.