▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - An implantable tissue growth structure comprises a three-dimensional, biocompatible, biodegradable, electrically conductive structure containing a composite of graphene flakes in a polymeric matrix, where the composite has a graphene flake content of greater than or equal to 40 vol.%. USE - An implantable tissue growth structure for generating electrogenic cells or tissues (claimed). ADVANTAGE - The graphene-based composites formed upon printing the ink compositions are electrically conductive, mechanically flexible, biocompatible, and biodegradable, and can adhere to biological tissues by contact without requiring adhesives. Scaffolds made from the graphene-based composites are mechanically flexibly and can be printed with a wide variety of shapes and dimensions and can be designed to be surgically handled, cut, sutured, and manipulated intraoperatively for fine surgical procedures. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for: (1) generation of electrogenic cells or tissues which involves contacting three-dimensional, biocompatible, biodegradable, electrically conductive scaffold with electrogenic cells or electrogenic tissue, where the scaffold contains a composite consisting of graphene flakes in a polymeric matrix in which the composite has a graphene flake content of greater than or equal to 40 vol.%, and electrogenic cell generation takes place on the scaffold; (2) ink composition comprising fluid composition which contains a set of components providing fluid composition with a volatility gradient, polymer component providing less than or equal to 50 vol.% of composition solids content, and graphene comprising greater than or equal to 50 vol.% of the composition solids content; (3) solid graphene composite comprising graphene particles and polymer matrix component about the graphene particles, where the composite has a solids content, and graphene particles comprise greater than or equal to 50 vol.% of the composite solids content; and (4) preparation of three-dimensional graphene article which involves providing graphene ink composition which contains fluid composition consisting of greater than or equal to 1 solvent component, biodegradable polymer component, and graphene component, applying graphene ink composition to selected positions on a substrate, where selected positions correspond to an article of manufacture, and application includes providing a set of layers of graphene ink composition, and forming solid layer-by-layer construction of the article of manufacture. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic diagram of 3DG ink production and 3D printed biomedical articles.