▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Device comprises (i) a substrate, (ii) at least one polymeric permeable membrane infused with an ionic liquid electrolyte, (iii) at least one electrode comprising carbon nanotubes deposited onto the surface of at least one of the polymeric membrane, and (iv) a protective encapsulation layer. USE - The device is used for: active modification of thermal radiation; and camouflaging/concealing thermal radiation from an object (claimed). ADVANTAGE - The device has improved scalability, preferably areal scalability. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for making the device comprising (a) depositing a liquid composition comprising carbon nanotubes (and optionally graphite nanoplatelets) onto at least one of a first and second polymeric permeable membranes to form a film comprising carbon nanomaterials on the membranes, (b) impregnating the first and second polymeric membrane with an ionic liquid, and (c) securing the first and second polymeric membranes to each other.