▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Preparing biomass-based flame retardant comprises (1) adding 2 g expanded graphite to mixed acid made up of 80 ml concentrated sulfuric acid and 10 ml phosphoric acid, stirring and reacting at 30℃ for 30 minutes, adding 8 g potassium permanganate to system, and controlling addition within 2 hours, heating system to 40℃, and carrying out reaction for 4 hours, adding 200 ml deionized water to dilute reaction solution, and adding 5 vol.% hydrogen peroxide solution dropwise until system is golden yellow and having no bubbles, adding 10 ml phosphoric acid to system, centrifuging and lyophilizing to obtain phosphorus-loaded expandable graphene oxide, and (2) crushing fish scales into powder, adding absolute ethanol to soaking for 4 hours, filtering with suction, drying, and dispersing obtained fish scale powder in trimethyl borate, and adding γ-Methacryloxypropytrimethoxysilane, reacting at 200℃ for 10 hours, filtering, drying and grinding. USE - The method is useful for preparing biomass-based flame retardant, which is useful in building material, industrial products, daily necessities, floor bricks, artificial leather, pipe material, wire cable, packaging film/bottle, foaming material, sealing material and various fields e.g. fiber. ADVANTAGE - The biomass-based flame retardant: ensures mechanical property of polyvinyl chloride plastic; reaches certain flame retardant effect; and is environmentally friendly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preparing biomass-based flame retardant comprises (1) adding 2 g expanded graphite to mixed acid made up of 80 ml concentrated sulfuric acid and 10 ml phosphoric acid, stirring and reacting at 30℃ for 30 minutes, adding 8 g potassium permanganate to system, and controlling addition within 2 hours, heating system to 40℃, and carrying out reaction for 4 hours, adding 200 ml deionized water to dilute reaction solution, and adding 5 vol.% hydrogen peroxide solution dropwise until system is golden yellow and having no bubbles, adding 10 ml phosphoric acid to system, centrifuging and lyophilizing to obtain phosphorus-loaded expandable graphene oxide, (2) crushing fish scales into powder, adding absolute ethanol to soaking for 4 hours, filtering with suction, drying, and dispersing obtained fish scale powder in trimethyl borate, and adding γ-Methacryloxypropytrimethoxysilane, reacting at 200℃ for 10 hours, filtering, drying and grinding to obtain modified fish scale powder, and (3) dissolving prepared phosphorus-loaded expandable graphene oxide, modified fish scale powder and melamine in deionized water, sonicating for 30 minutes, reacting at 180℃ for 12 hours, centrifuging and lyophilizing to obtain biomass-based flame retardant.