▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Manufacturing (P1) a three-dimensional material comprising a chemically reduced graphene oxide monolith in which silicon nanowires and gold nanoparticles are dispersed, comprises: (a) preparing a chemically reduced graphene oxide monolith in which gold nanoparticles are dispersed; and (b) functionalizing the obtained monolith, in which silicon, preferably in the form of nanowires, is grafted onto the surface of the monolith, and for which the monolith is heated to a temperature of 500-850 degrees C, preferably 650 degrees C in the presence of a silicon gas. USE - The processes are useful for: manufacturing a three-dimensional material comprising a chemically reduced graphene oxide monolith; and preparing a chemically reduced graphene oxide monolith, which is used in lithium-ion battery or supercapacity (all claimed). ADVANTAGE - The process provides monolith that: has a high degree of reduction with a carbon/oxygen ratio of 1-50, preferably 16.7, porous with a specific surface area of 50-5000 (preferably 1433) m2/g, a low charge transfer resistance of 0.1-5 (preferably 0.62) Omega , electrical conductivity of 10-2500 (preferably 1141) S/m, and gravimetric discharge capacity of 1-300 (preferably 130) F/g; and provides a lithium ion battery that has capacity retention of 80-99 (preferably 90-99)%, a volumetric discharge capacity of 100-500 (preferably 200) F/cm3, and power density of 1-100 (preferably 38) kW/kg (claimed). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for: (1) preparing (M2) a chemically reduced graphene oxide monolith by contacting an aqueous solution of graphene oxide with a reducing agent including hydrazine hydrate, ethylene diamine or 1,4-diaminebutane, in a one-step reaction; and (2) the chemically reduced graphene oxide monolith obtainable by the process (P1).