▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Electrically differentiating bases comprises providing a reservoir structure separated into two parts by a membrane, where a nanopore is formed through the membrane, where the membrane comprises a graphene layer and insulating layers, where the graphene layer is coupled to first and second metal pads to form a graphene transistor, where the first metal pad forms a step on one of the insulating layers; and using transistor current flowing through the graphene transistor to differentiate bases, the transistor current is modulated by charges or dipoles passing through the nanopore. USE - The method is used for electrically differentiating bases.