▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - A three-dimensional hybrid structure comprises a base substrate having pores passing through the two surfaces facing each other, a porous graphene thin film portion formed on one of the two surfaces, a carbon structural layer including graphene tubular portions connected to the graphene thin film portion and protruding from the graphene thin film portion, a porous metal thin film portion provided between the base substrate and the graphene thin film portion, and a metal structural layer including metal tubular portions provided between the substrate and the graphene tubular portions. USE - Three-dimensional hybrid structure is used for membrane filter for desalinating seawater (all claimed). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A three-dimensional hybrid structure comprises a base substrate having several pores passing through the two surfaces facing each other, a porous graphene thin film portion formed on one of the two surfaces, a carbon structural layer including graphene tubular portions connected to the graphene thin film portion and protruding from the graphene thin film portion, to cover a pore wall surface inside the base substrate, a porous metal thin film portion provided between the base substrate and the graphene thin film portion, and a metal structural layer connected to the metal thin film portion and including metal tubular portions provided between the base substrate and the graphene tubular portions. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following: (1) preparation of three-dimensional hybrid structure; and (2) membrane filter.