▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Extracting tetramethylbenzene by hydrocracking carbon decahydrate based on extractive distillation comprises preparing graphene oxide by Hummer method, dispersing in deionized water, mixing hexadecylamine and tetrabutyl titanate to prepare a mixed solution, filtering and redispersing the solid to obtain dispersion A, (b) dissolving nickel nitrate, cobalt nitrate and ammonium molybdate in deionized water, cooling mixture, filtering reaction solution, washing the filtered solid, drying, (c) adding carbon decahydrate and hydrogen to a reactor and reacting (d) pumping the hydrocracked aromatic hydrocarbon, (e) pumping the collected tetramethylbenzene-rich liquid A, extracting, adjusting bottom of the extractive distillation column, rectifying, condensing to obtain a tetramethylbenzene enrichment liquid B and (f) adding tetramethylbenzene-rich liquid B to freezing crystallizer, crystallizing, centrifuging and collecting obtained solid and centrifuged liquid, re-injecting and combining. USE - The method is useful for extracting tetramethylbenzene by hydrocracking carbon decahydrate based on extractive distillation. ADVANTAGE - The method: is simple; has low requirement on the device and high purity and yield of the product. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Extracting tetramethylbenzene by hydrocracking carbon decahydrate based on extractive distillation comprises preparing graphene oxide by the Hummer method, dispersing the obtained graphene oxide in deionized water to obtain graphene oxide dispersion having a concentration of 0.35-0.55 mg/ml or 0.01 -0.03 wt.%, mixing the 1-3 wt.% hexadecylamine and 1-3 wt.% tetrabutyl titanate ratio of 1:1-3 to prepare a mixed solution, adding mixed solution in a dropwise manner to the dispersion of graphene oxide, stirring for 30-40 minutes, filtering and redispersing the solid obtained by filtration in deionized water to obtain a 5-15 wt.% dispersion A, (b) dissolving nickel nitrate, cobalt nitrate and ammonium molybdate in deionized water to prepare a mixed solution A, and mixing the mixed solution A and the dispersion A in a ratio of 1:1-3 at room temperature, stirring 15-22 wt.% aqueous ammonia solution for 30 minutes and adding in dropwise manner, refluxing at 100-120 degrees C for 2-6 hours, cooling the mixture to room temperature, filtering the reaction solution, washing the filtered solid, drying and placing the dried solid in a muffle furnace at 300-400 degrees C for 3-5 hours to obtain a catalyst for hydrocracking, (c) adding carbon decahydrate and hydrogen to a reactor equipped with a hydrocracking catalyst and reacting to obtain an aromatic hydrocarbon after hydrocracking, (d) pumping the hydrocracked aromatic hydrocarbon into the rectification column, opening the heating system of the rectification column, adjusting the column top temperature and the bottom temperature of the rectification column, performing vacuum distillation treatment and rectifying the obtained the gas phase, condensing by the condenser at the top of the distillation column, allowing to enter the condensate to the reflux tank, condensing the uncondensed gas phase and collecting by the overhead condensing trap to obtain a tetramethylbenzene enriched liquid A, (e) pumping the collected tetramethylbenzene-rich liquid A from the middle and lower portions of the extractive distillation column, extracting the extractant from the upper portion of the extractive distillation column, adjusting the bottom of the extractive distillation column and the temperature at the top of the extracting column for extraction, rectifying, condensing and collecting at the top of the extractive distillation column using a condensing trap to obtain a tetramethylbenzene enrichment liquid B and (f) adding the above-prepared tetramethylbenzene-rich liquid B to the freezing crystallizer, adjusting the temperature of the freezing crystallizer, crystallizing, , centrifuging and collecting the obtained solid and centrifuged liquid, re-injecting into the freezing crystallizer for crystallization treatment, repeating 3-4 times and combining the solid.