▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Preparing anthracite based graphene oxide comprises washing the smokeless coal with water and then drying, crushing and sieving to obtain smokeless coal powder and then melting, washing with water and drying, adding the obtained anthracite powder with dispersing agent and then ultrasonic processing to obtain dispersion liquid and then mixing with water, inorganic acid, surfactant solution and solvent, adding the mixed material with oxidizing agent and then ultrasonic processing and dispersing, mixing the dispersed mixture with water and then heating, cooling, drying, crushing. USE - The method is useful for preparing anthracite based graphene oxide for preparing graphene (claimed). ADVANTAGE - The method is capable of rapidly preparing the anthracite based graphene oxide in an economical manner with good stability. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preparing anthracite based graphene oxide comprises (a) washing the smokeless coal with water and then drying, crushing and sieving by 200-mesh sieve to obtain smokeless coal powder and then melting by a molten alkali metal hydroxide treatment, washing with water to pH value of 7-8 and drying to obtain ultraclean smokeless coal powder, (b) adding the obtained clean anthracite powder with dispersing agent and then ultrasonically processing to obtain dispersion liquid with concentration of 0.1-0.5 g/ml and then mixing with deionized water, inorganic acid, surfactant solution and solvent, adding the mixed material with oxidizing agent and then ultrasonically processing and dispersing, where the mass ratio of the smokeless coal powder and pre-oxidizing agent is 1:0.5, the oxidizing agent is nitrate, bichromate, persulfate, permanganate, peroxide, phosphorus oxide or iodine oxide, mixing the dispersed mixture with water and then heating for 5-30 minutes, cooling, drying, crushing, sieving and preprocessing to obtain ultra-clean and smokeless coal powder, (c) adding pre-processed ultra-clean smokeless coal powder with 0.1-5 g/ml of intercalation agent and then ultrasonically processing at 20 degrees C for 0.5-2 hours and dispersing to obtain a solution, adding the solution with aromatization catalyst and then pre-processing at 30-50 degrees C and dispersing for 0.5-2 hours, adding the dispersed mixture with hydrogen peroxide and deionized water and then washing and filtering to prepare anthracite oxide dispersion liquid, where the intercalation agent is inorganic acid or inorganic salt, the mass ratio of the oxidizing agent and smokeless coal powder is 1:2-10, the oxidizing agent is perchloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, sulfate, permanganate, chlorate and perchlorate, the mass ratio of the smokeless coal powder and aromatization catalyst is 100:0-10, and the aromatization catalyst is cuprous chloride, ferric chloride, ferrous chloride, zinc chloride, nickel chloride, manganese chloride or ammonium sulfate, (d) oxidizing the anthracite and then ultrasonic processing at ultrasonic power of 100-600 W for 1-5 hours and dispersing to obtain a colloidal graphene oxide solution, and (e) centrifuging the graphene oxide in step d at speed of 4000 revolutions per minute for 5 minutes to obtain supernatant, adding supernatant to 2-5% of ammonium sulfate solution and then filtering, washing the filter cake with deionized water and alcohol and then drying. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for preparing a graphene comprising mixing the graphene oxide with dispersing agent to prepare 0.1-1 g/ml of graphene oxide-dispersant solution, adding graphene-dispersant solution and then processing at micropowder power of 900 W for 5-20 minutes, adding the graphene oxide with reducing agent according to a mass ratio of 1:5 and then processing at ultrasonic power of 100-300 W for 0.5-3 hours, where the reducing agent is hydrazine hydrate, sodium thiosulfate or sodium sulfite, adding the sonicated graphene oxide-dispersion solution into a suction and then filtering and drying.