▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - The method involves applying a nanopore nucleation voltage pulse between membrane surfaces through a liquid environment if measured electrical conductance is not greater than first prespecified electrical conductance. A nanopore diameter tuning voltage pulse is applied between the membrane surfaces through the liquid environment if the measured electrical conductance is greater than the first prespecified electrical conductance and not greater than a second prespecified electrical conductance, where the nanopore diameter tuning voltage pulse includes pulse duration. USE - Method for forming nanopore in a graphene membrane in an electrically conducting liquid environment utilized for conducting a nanopore fabrication process in atomically-thin membranes in a high-resolution electron microscope by ultra-short electrical pulsing in a local wetting environment i.e. vessel (claimed). ADVANTAGE - The method enables submerging flow cell and gas lines in deionized degassed water to prevent any air from flowing back into the cell after the cell is flushed with selected flushing gas. The method enables forming the nanopore in the graphene membrane in the electrically conducting liquid environment for conducting the nanopore fabrication process in an effective manner. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method allows flushing a local wetting environment with flushing gas that is selected from a group consisting of carbon dioxide gas and ammonia gas. The wetting solution is potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and ammonium hydroxide. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for wetting a surface. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a graph representing nucleation voltage pulse duration and tuning voltage pulse duration for a sequence of nucleation and tuning voltage pulses that are experimentally applied to a graphene membrane in a liquid environment for nucleating and enlarging nanopore in a graphene membrane.