▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - A drilling fluid comprises graphene. USE - In drilling operations, the graphene composition prevents or reduces the penetration of drilling fluids into rock formations; also for reducing formation damage, producing thinner filter cakes, reducing fluid loss into rock formation pores, preserving original rock formation pressure, reducing wear on drilling tools, and reducing drill stem hydraulic adhesion or stuck pipe. ADVANTAGE - The use of graphene in drilling applications offers several advantages over conventional additives, which are generally spherical. The graphene sheets are desirably thin but are strong and flexible and of sufficient size to span at least one pore of the rocks forming the interior of borehole. Flexibility of the graphene sheets permits slight deformation under pressure (such as from the drilling fluid) to permit sealing of the graphene sheets around pore edges for preventing or reducing fluid flow into the rock pores. Graphene sheets with desirable width are sufficient for bridging rock pores when the graphenes are used in the drilling fluids. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following: (1) making (M1) drilling fluid involving dispersing graphene in a drilling fluid; (2) derivatized graphene which is a chemically-converted graphene derivatized with several functional groups; (3) preparing (M2) derivatized graphene involving derivatizing the chemically-converted graphene with several functional groups; (4) preparing (M3) graphite oxide involving suspending elemental carbon source in solution comprising sodium hypochlorite, where the elemental carbon source is selected from graphite and/or carbon black, heating the solution to provide reacted mixture, and separating the reacted mixture to provide supernatant phase; and (5) drilling fluid comprising nanoplatelet additive selected from exfoliated clays, expanded and mechanically sheared mica.