▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - A material layer comprises synthesized carbon-containing composite materials having porosity, and heat transfer characteristics, resistance to corrosion, and/or non-ablative erosion characteristics, a bonding layer comprising synthesized carbon-containing composite material(s), bonded by a carbon-to-carbon bond and/or a metal-to-carbon bond to a substrate, and a hydraulically smooth surface interfacial layer comprising synthesized carbon-containing composite material(s). USE - Material layer. Uses include but are not limited to aero-engine applications, high-velocity vehicles, energy production applications, transmission and storage applications, transportation industries, military equipment, heat exchangers, microelectronic thermal management, fuel cells, photovoltaics, etc. ADVANTAGE - The material layer comprises composite material, which allows for repeated thermal stress, to be electroconductive, and allows for active and passive thermal control, can be manufactured with reduced energy consumption and increased thermal efficiency, and reduces electrical loss in end applications. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for formation of the material layer.