▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Making a composite comprises associating graphene quantum dots with a carbon material, where the associating results in assembly of the graphene quantum dots on a surface of the carbon material. USE - The method is used for making a composite. The composite is used as an electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reactions, oxygen evolution reactions, hydrogen oxidation reactions, hydrogen evolution reactions, and their combination. The composite is utilized as a component of an energy storage device (all claimed). ADVANTAGE - More effective and efficient electro catalysts with superior performance are provided. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is a composite comprising: graphene quantum dots; and a carbon material, where the graphene quantum dots are assembled on a surface of the carbon material.