▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - A tin(IV) oxide/carbon/vanadium(V) oxide/graphene composite nanomaterial is used as lithium ion battery negative electrode material. The electrode is prepared by mixing composite nanomaterial, acetylene black, and carboxymethyl cellulose with water, coating on copper foil, drying, tableting, putting into glove box, using lithium hexafluorophosphate solution in ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, and diethyl carbonate as electrolyte, assembling, testing charge and discharge performance, and subjecting to rate performance. The composite nanomaterial is prepared by weighing tin(IV) chloride pentahydrate into mixed solvent, adding carbon source, reacting, adding sodium hydroxide solution, heating, washing, drying, and calcining; adding vanadium pentoxide to hydrogen peroxide, stirring, adding graphite oxide nanosheets, sonicating, reacting, centrifuging, drying, and baking; and adding into ethanol, sonicating, adding zirconium spheres, milling, filtering, and drying. USE - The tin(IV) oxide/carbon/vanadium(V) oxide/graphene composite nanomaterial is used as lithium ion battery negative electrode material (claimed). ADVANTAGE - The nanomaterial is granular and has grain diameter of 30-100 nm, aperture of 20-80 nm, pore volume of 0.6-1.3 cm3/g, and specific surface area of 120-280 m2/g. The composite nanomaterial improves electronic conductivity of the electrode material, has improved first reversible capacity and rate performance and enhanced charge and discharge performance, reduces battery capacity attenuation, improves battery overcharge resistance, and has high electrochemical lithium storage capacity, good stable cycle performance, and less energy loss. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A tin(IV) oxide/carbon/vanadium(V) oxide/graphene composite nanomaterial is used as lithium ion battery negative electrode material. The electrode is prepared by mixing tin(IV) oxide/carbon/vanadium(V) oxide/graphene composite nanomaterial, acetylene black, and carboxymethyl cellulose at ratio of 70:20:15, using water as solvent to obtain negative electrode slurry, coating on a copper foil, drying, tableting, putting into inert gas-protected glove box, using lithium hexafluorophosphate solution in ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, and diethyl carbonate as electrolyte, Celerd 2300 as diaphragm, assembling into 2320 button battery, testing charge and discharge performance test of composite nanomaterial battery, and subjecting to rate performance at different current densities. The composite nanomaterial is prepared by weighing 10 g tin(IV) chloride pentahydrate into 50 mL mixed solvent of absolute ethanol and water, adding 45 g carbon source phenolic resin, reacting, adding 0.5 mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, heating to 190 degrees C for 18 hours, washing, drying, and calcining at 500 degrees C for 6 hours; adding 7 g vanadium pentoxide to 35 mL 4% aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide, stirring to dissolve, adding 5 g graphite oxide nanosheets, sonicating at room temperature for 1.5 hours, hydrothermally reacting at 115 degrees C for 10 hours, centrifuging, washing, drying at 90 degrees C, and baking at 450 degrees C for 4 hours under nitrogen atmosphere; and adding prepared materials into 25 mL absolute ethanol at room temperature, sonicating for 1.5 hours, adding zirconium spheres at weight ratio of 1:5, ball-milling for 18 hours, filtering, washing, and vacuum drying.