▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Electrode (100) comprises electrically conductive porous graphene core (102), silicon layer (104) disposed on internal surface of porous graphene core, and ion-conductive hybrid silicate layer (106) disposed on silicon layer. USE - The electrode is useful in electrical battery i.e. lithium-ion battery including lithium in cathode (all claimed). ADVANTAGE - The electrode: utilizes the ion-conductive hybrid silicate layer that (i) has an ionic conductivity of greater than 106 S/cm, and (ii) is configured to prevent infiltration of the electrolyte into the silicon layer; has a reversible capacity of greater than 1286 mAh/g and a lifespan of greater than 1400 cycles; and overcomes the challenges of substantial volume change, intrinsic low conductivity and unstable solid electrolyte interphase films. The electrical battery utilizes the anode which is free-standing and re-stackable. The method utilizes inorganic-organic hybrid silicate that prevents direct contact of the silicon layer with an electrolyte during operation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for: (1) making the electrode, comprising (a) growing N-doped graphene on an internal surface of porous nickel to obtain a substrate having a three-dimensional bi-continuous N-doped graphene on nickel so that the N-doped graphene covers a pore surface of the porous nickel, (b) etching the nickel in the substrate to remove the nickel and form a porous N-doped graphene core, (c) depositing a silicon (Si) layer into the porous N-doped graphene core, and (e) depositing a layer of inorganic-organic hybrid silicate on the silicon layer to obtain an electrode having the silicon layer sandwiched between the porous N-doped graphene and the layer of inorganic-organic hybrid silicate; and (2) electrical battery, comprising a cathode, an anode spaced apart from the cathode, where anode comprises an electrically conductive porous graphene core, and the silicon layer disposed on an internal surface of the porous graphene core, and the ion-conductive hybrid silicate layer disposed on the silicon layer and an electrolyte configured to transfer electric charge between the cathode and the anode. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the electrode. Electrode (100) Graphene core (102) Silicon layer (104) Ion-conductive hybrid silicate layer (106)