▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - A graphene material (g1), in the form of sheet, ribbon or polyphenylene molecule, is pristine in the interior of the plane and functionalized at its edges. USE - As graphene material in the form of dispersed sheet, ribbon or polyphenylene molecule, graphene sheet, graphene nanoribbon, polyacene molecule, polyphenylene molecule; in Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) film fabrication (claimed). Also used in the formation of films, application to optical and electronic devices. ADVANTAGE - The graphene material enables one to make single species of molecules dispersed in solvents, using starting materials that are insoluble. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method (M1) of making a graphene material dispersed in solution, which material is a single atom thick and contains functional groups, the method involves providing as a starting material a graphitic material in aggregated or insoluble form; intercalating the graphitic material with an acid so as to form a suspension in a liquid medium; agitating the suspension from to form dispersed graphene material reacted with the acid to form the functional groups, where one may recover the graphene material as separate molecules from the solution and the material is stable in the solution; or a method (M2) of making a graphene material dispersed in solution, which material is a single atom thick, involves providing as a starting material a graphitic material in aggregated or insoluble form; optionally exfoliating the graphitic material to form an exfoliated graphite; intercalating the exfoliated graphite or the graphitic material with an acid and an organic base, forming a suspension in a liquid medium with or without the organic base; and agitating the suspension to form dispersed sheets, ribbons or large graphene molecules, which are stable in solution and where one may recover the respective sheets, ribbons and large graphene molecules from the solution; or a method (M3) of making a graphene material dispersed in solution, which material is a series of different polyphenylene dye molecules having different fluorescence properties, the dye molecules containing functional groups, involving (M1); and the method further involving carrying out the intercalating under different conditions to produce varying degrees of functionalization in the different polyphenylene dye molecules.