▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Gel film or isolated gel film, comprises sheets of graphene or chemically converted graphene which are at least partially separated by a dispersion medium and arranged in a substantially planar manner to form an electrically conductive matrix. USE - The gel film is useful as: an electrode for an energy storage or conversion device which is a super capacitor, a battery, a fuel cell, a solar cell, an actuator, a biomedical device, an a superconductor or a separation device; an electrode for an electrochemical sensor or for a resistive sensor; a filtration membrane for nanoparticle or molecule separation; a drug carrier for controlled drug release and/or delivery; a conductive tissue scaffold for cell growth; a catalyst support; an adsorbent for water purification and/or separation; a material component; a scaffold for the formation of a hybrid gel film comprising a material of an organic molecule, a polymer, a biomolecule, inorganic or metal nanoparticles, or inorganic oxide particles (all claimed). ADVANTAGE - The gel film: has individual sheets that work cooperatively to allow the high specific surface area, improved durability, aesthetic, mechanical strength and electrical conductivity of the gel; utilizes surface which is itself conductive thus provides increased overall conductivity of the gel material; provides a nanofiltration film with pore sizes tunable at the nanometer scale; can be simply prepared; has a highly open pore structure, structural/chemical stability and a flexible thin film form as a catalyst support or as a super-absorbent for water purification; can retain its structural integrity in both acidic and basic solutions and in organic solvents; forms reliable electrode contacting with external circuits; and has the potential to be a unique experimental platform for future research on the electronic properties of graphene assemblies, pseudo-two dimensional nanofluidics, nanoscale confinement effects and fundamental surface/interface phenomena of carbon materials. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for producing the gel film comprising: contacting a surface with dispersion medium comprising sheets of graphene or chemically converted graphene dispersed in it; and removing some of the dispersion medium from the surface and allowing the sheets to self-assemble to form a gel film on the surface. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of a portion of a gel film.