▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Chip comprises a chip (100) formed from a substrate fabricated from silicon 1-10 mm wide and 1-10 mm long, with a thickness of 50-500 mu m. The substrate has a top layer (116) of silicon nitride (Si3N4) (110) with a thickness of 20-500 nm, and a bottom layer (112) of silicon nitride with a thickness of 20-500 nm. The chip has at least one hole drilled by a microscopic method that penetrates the entire thickness of the chip, where the hole is 50-1000 nm wide and 50-1000 nm long, and the hole is in the shape of a circle or simple polygon. In top substrate, a multilayer graphene sheet 1-60 nm thick is affixed to Si3N4 layer in a latitudinal orientation, where the graphene sheet is subjected to lateral compression to cause a p-type crinkle ruga having a crease to form over the at least one hole. USE - The chip is useful for (i) sequencing or sensing strand of nucleic acid, (ii) detecting nucleobases in strand of nucleic acids, and (iii) sensing nucleobases in a strand of nucleic acids (all claimed). ADVANTAGE - The chip detects nucleobases in strand of nucleic acids in a high-throughput, rapid and cost-effective manner. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Chip comprises a chip (100) formed from a substrate fabricated from silicon 1-10 mm wide and 1-10 mm long, with a thickness of 50-500 mu m. The substrate has a top layer (116) of silicon nitride (Si3N4) (110) with a thickness of 20-500 nm, and a bottom layer (112) of silicon nitride with a thickness of 20-500 nm. The chip has at least one hole drilled by a microscopic method that penetrates the entire thickness of the chip, where the hole is 50-1000 nm wide and 50-1000 nm long, and the hole is in the shape of a circle or simple polygon. In top substrate, a multilayer graphene sheet 1-60 nm thick is affixed to Si3N4 layer in a latitudinal orientation, where the graphene sheet is subjected to lateral compression to cause a p-type crinkle ruga having a crease to form over the at least one hole. In chip, a pair of electrodes is provided on opposite ends of each hole on the graphene sheet, where the electrodes are connected to electrical detection equipment capable of measuring an ionic current across the graphene sheet, and fluctuations in the ionic current are measured and converted into nucleobase assignments. The chip has at least one opening defining the base of a square frustopyramid penetrating from a bottom surface of the substrate into a top surface of the substrate of the chip, where the opening does not penetrate the top layer of silicon nitride, the top of the square frustopyramid is a square window 5-50 mu m on each side, and a hole is provided in the top layer of silicon nitride centered over the window. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following: (1) a method (A) for detecting nucleobases in a strand of nucleic acids involves using the chip with a graphene sheet, and directing a saline solution of the nucleic acid comprising a strand of nucleobases toward a nanopore in the graphene sheet, where the nucleobase strand translocates through the pore and interacts with the layers of the multilayer graphene sheet, and a patch clamp amplifier connected to the electrodes at each hole measures changes in the ionic current and detects each nucleobase in the nucleic acid strand translocating through the nanopore and the nucleic acid sequence is assigned; and (2) a method (B) for sensing nucleobases in a strand of nucleic acids involves using the chip with a graphene sheet, and directing a saline solution of the nucleic acid comprising a strand of nucleobases toward a crinkle ruga on the chip, where the nucleobase strand interacts with the multilayer graphene sheet, and a patch clamp amplifier connected to the electrodes at each hole measures changes in the ionic current and characteristic electrical characteristics of the nucleic acid strand. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of top of a silicon/silica nitride chip. Chip (100) Silicon nitride (110) Bottom layer (112) Top layer (116) Bottom surface (118)