▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Preparation of negative electrode material involves preparing a modified graphene microchip, growing silicon nanospheres on the surface of the graphene microchip, depositing a metal oxide layer on the surface of the obtained graphene microchip-silicon nanosphere composite material, performing an electrostatic spinning and calcination treatment to obtain a carbon nanofiber composite material, subjecting the carbon nanofiber composite material to an acid treatment, and forming a carbon coating layer on the outside of the carbon nanofiber composite material. USE - Preparation of negative electrode material used for lithium ion battery. ADVANTAGE - The method effectively mitigates the size effect of silicon, and provides an accurate and controllable gap structure and a space for volume expansion of the silicon in a charging and discharging process. The method aids in protecting the silicon nanospheres using the carbon coating layer formed at the outermost layer. The negative electrode material improves integrity and stability of the electrode structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preparation of negative electrode material involves preparing a modified graphene microchip, growing silicon nanospheres on the surface of the graphene microchip to obtain a graphene microchip-silicon nanosphere composite material, depositing a metal oxide layer on the surface of the graphene microchip-silicon nanosphere composite material using an atomic layer deposition process, uniformly dispersing the metal oxide layer deposited graphene microchip-silicon nanosphere composite material in a spinning solution, performing an electrostatic spinning and calcination treatment to obtain a carbon nanofiber composite material, subjecting the carbon nanofiber composite material to an acid treatment for removing the metal oxide layer to form a gap structure, and forming a carbon coating layer on the outside of the carbon nanofiber composite material.