▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Cell culture substrate for culturing cells is coated with nanorods (NR) comprising a plasmonic metamaterial. USE - Cell culture substrate for culturing cells and for detaching cells from cell culture substrate (claimed). ADVANTAGE - The cell culture substrate controls electromagnetic wave propagation and especially adjusts the light polarization state through different designs or diverse spatial arrangements of structural unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following: (1) a cell culture plate, which comprises cell culture substrate; (2) a method for cell detachment from a cell culture substrate, which involves culturing cells on a cell culture substrate coated with NR comprising a plasmonic metamaterial for a period of time sufficient for the cells to attach to the NR and optionally for the cells to proliferate on the NR; stimulating a surface plasmon on the NR for a time sufficient to detach the cells from the NR; and optionally recovering the cells from the cell culture; and (3) a method for preparing a cell culture substrate for cell culture, which involves selecting a NR comprising a plasmonic metamaterial with an aspect ratio enabling tunability to a desired wavelength; preparing a substrate for integration of NR on a surface of the cell culture substrate or embedding into the cell culture substrate; and integrating or embedding the substrate with the NR such that the NR are accessible to cells for attachment and culture.