▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Sensor (700) for detecting hemoglobin in a sample, comprises a graphene layer (701); binding agents coupled to the graphene layer to generate a functionalized graphene layer, where the binding agents bind to hemoglobin protein; and electrical conductors electrically coupled to the functionalized graphene layer for measuring at least one electrical property of the functionalized graphene layer. USE - The sensor is useful for detecting hemoglobin in sample; for screening for any of colorectal cancer and pre-malignant colorectal neoplasia; and useful in system for testing stool sample (claimed). ADVANTAGE - Low-cost, point-of-care sensors are provided that can rapidly detect hemoglobin protein in a fecal sample. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for: (1) detecting hemoglobin in a biological sample, which involves applying the biological sample to a graphene layer functionalized with binding agents that bind to hemoglobin; measuring at least one electrical property of the functionalized graphene layer; and using the measured electrical property to determine whether hemoglobin is present in the sample; (2) fabricating a sensor for detecting hemoglobin protein in a biological sample, which involves covalently attaching linkers to a graphene layer deposited on an underlying substrate (702); and covalently coupling binding agents exhibiting specific binding to hemoglobin protein to the linkers; (3) a disposable cartridge for detecting hemoglobin protein in a sample, comprising a microfluidic component having an inlet port for receiving a sample and an exit port; and the sensor fluidically coupled to the microfluidic component to receive portion of the sample from the exit port; (4) screening for any of colorectal cancer and pre-malignant colorectal neoplasia, which involves collecting a stool sample from a subject; dissolving the collected stool sample in a buffer solution to form a testing sample; introducing the testing sample onto a sensing element comprising a graphene layer functionalized with binding agents exhibiting specific binding to hemoglobin protein; measuring at least one electrical property of the functionalized graphene layer in response to exposure to the testing sample; and determine whether hemoglobin above a threshold associated with a sensitivity of the sensing element is present in the testing sample; and (5) a system for testing a stool sample, comprising a collection tube for receiving a stool sample through an opening; a lid for removably and replaceably coupling to the the opening of the collection tube, the lid having a pouch for storing one or more reagents for processing the sample and a mixing element, which upon actuation, punctures the pouch to release the reagents; and the sensor for detecting hemoglobin protein in the sample. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the sensor. Sensor (700) Graphene layer (701) Substrate (702) Antibody of interest (703) AC voltage source (704)