▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - The hybrid radiating element (100) has a graphene-based plasmonic modulator i.e. graphene stub (104), coupled to a metallic patch antenna (102). An electrically conductive patch is provided on a top surface of a dielectric substrate (106). The graphene stub is contiguous with and electrically coupled to the patch. A hexagonal boron nitride layer is provided between the dielectric substrate and the graphene stub. An electrical conductor extends through the dielectric substrate, and is electrically insulated from a conductive layer. A voltage source applies a bias voltage with respect to the layer. USE - Hybrid radiating element for use in a hybrid reflectarray of an intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) that is utilized for reflecting electromagnetic (EM) radiation at terahertz (THz) frequencies. ADVANTAGE - The utilization of IRSs to dynamically engineer attractive, synthetic communication links for reliable system performance is considered the most feasible solution. The hybrid reflectarray has a center-to-center separation of immediately adjacent hybrid radiating elements that is substantially equal to?0 /2, where?0 is the desired operating wavelength of the hybrid reflect array. It has a codebook set of bias voltages that can be used to control the phase-modulation characteristics of the radiating element. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a hybrid reflectarray that comprises an array of hybrid radiating elements. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the hybrid radiating element. 100Hybrid radiating element 102Metallic patch antenna 104Graphene stub 106Dielectric substrate 114Center stub