▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Preparing structure-controllable graphene shell encapsulation nickel nanoparticle catalyst involves weighing nickel salt and organic ligand and dissolving in a mixed organic solvent, then adding an aqueous solution of a deprotonating reagent, and stirring with a magnetic stirrer for 3-24 hours at 0-60 °C to make it mix well to obtain a mixed solution, adding hydrogen donor type polymerization inhibitor, using a magnetic stirrer to stir for 3-24 hours at 0-60 °C to precipitate solid in the solution, then suction filtering, washing, and drying in a vacuum oven to obtain solid as catalyst precursor, placing in an agate mortar, crushing and grinding, mixing oxide, and then entering into a tube furnace for roasting, heating at a gas flow rate of 5-50 mL to 300-800 °C in an inert atmosphere per min, calcining for 0.5-2 hours, and grinding to obtain a crude catalyst after cooling down to room temperature, washing crude catalyst with an acid solution to obtain the product. USE - Method for preparing structure-controllable graphene shell encapsulation nickel nanoparticle catalyst in applying in catalytic hydrogenation reaction of p-chloronitrobenzene, o-chloronitrobenzene or p-bromonitrobenzene, where nickel nanoparticle catalyst encapsulated in graphene shell is catalyst A, applied in the catalytic hydrogenation reaction of p-chloronitrobenzene, catalyst encapsulated in the graphene shell is catalyst B, applied in the catalytic hydrogenation reaction of o-chloronitrobenzene, and catalyst is catalyst C, applied to the catalytic hydrogenation reaction of p-bromonitrobenzene (all claimed). ADVANTAGE - The method provides application of the nanoparticle catalyst in the catalytic hydrogenation reaction of p-chloronitrobenzene, o-chloronitrobenzene, and p-bromonitrobenzene, all of which can show high activity and high selectivity and high stability. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preparing structure-controllable graphene shell encapsulation nickel nanoparticle catalyst involves weighing nickel salt and organic ligand and dissolving in a mixed organic solvent, then adding an aqueous solution of a deprotonating reagent, and stirring with a magnetic stirrer for 3-24 hours at 0-60 °C to make it mix well to obtain a mixed solution, adding hydrogen donor type polymerization inhibitor, using a magnetic stirrer to stir for 3-24 hours at 0-60 °C to precipitate solid in the solution, then suction filtering, washing, and drying in a vacuum oven to obtain solid as catalyst precursor, placing in an agate mortar, crushing and grinding, mixing oxide, and then entering into a tube furnace for roasting, heating at a gas flow rate of 5-50 mL to 300-800 °C in an inert atmosphere per min, calcining for 0.5-2 hours, and grinding to obtain a crude catalyst after cooling down to room temperature, washing crude catalyst with an acid solution to obtain the product. The organic ligand is at least one of benzoic acid, terephthalic acid, 2-aminoterephthalic acid, and citric acid. Deprotonating reagent is at least one of ammonia, triethylamine, and sodium carbonate. Mixed organic solvent is a combination of solvent A and solvent B at 1:1 volume ratio. Solvent A is methanol or ethanol. Solvent B is at least one of N,N-dimethylformamide and N,N-dimethylacetamide. Hydrogen donor type inhibitor is at least one of phenol, catechol, hydroquinone, and aniline. The oxide is at least one of silver oxide, ferric oxide, ferric oxide, nickel oxide, and cobalt oxide. The molar ratio of nickel in the nickel salt to the organic ligand is 1:0.5 to 1:1.5. Molar ratio of the deprotonating reagent and carboxyl group in the organic ligand is 5-30:1. Ratio of the organic ligand and solvent A in the mixed organic solution is 1:50-1:1000. Ratio of adding inhibitor to organic ligand is 0.01:1-1:1. Ratio of the added oxide and nickel salt is 0.1:1-0.5:1.