▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Preparing a porous material comprises (i) preparing a solution to be frozen, (ii) patterning the surface of the cold source to obtain the surface of the cold source with a micro structure, (iii) pouring a solution to be frozen into a freezing mold, performing directional freezing on the surface of a cold source with a microstructure to obtain a frozen block and demolding the frozen block from the mold to obtain a frozen material, (iv) freeze-drying the frozen material to remove ice crystals. USE - The method is useful for preparing a porous material. ADVANTAGE - The method: is simple and suitable for industrial amplification application; can realize the long-range oriented structure or a complex structure and design different patterns to the surface micro-structure and ensure the excellent mechanical property.