▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Carbon-coated niobium pentoxide composite reduced graphene oxide material comprises carbon-coated niobium pentoxide particles which are supported on the surface of reduced graphene oxide. The particle size of niobium pentoxide particles is 10-12 nanometers. The mass content in the material is 40-50 wt.%. The thickness of the carbon coating layer is 0.5-1 nanometers. USE - Carbon-coated niobium pentoxide composite reduced graphene oxide material is used as cathode active material in anode of aluminum ion battery (claimed). ADVANTAGE - The carbon-coated niobium pentoxide composite reduced graphene oxide material has simple, fast, controllable preparation process, mild conditions, and simple equipment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method for preparing carbon-coated niobium pentoxide composite reduced graphene oxide material, which involves: (A) preparing graphene oxide, mixing graphite powder and sodium nitrate into container, then pouring concentrated sulfuric acid in ice water bath at 0-4 degrees C and stirring, then adding potassium permanganate in two or more times, placing reaction system at 35-37 degrees C for period of time, adding water, adjusting temperature of the system to 98 degrees C for period of time, adding water to naturally cool down to room temperature, and then adding hydrogen peroxide, stirring for period of time, using 5% dilute hydrochloric acid solution to wash more than twice, then using deionized water to wash more than two times until pH value of solution reaches 6, and using ultrasonic treatment for 3 hours, mass ratio of the graphite powder to the sodium nitrate is 2:1, mass ratio of the graphite powder to potassium permanganate is 1:3, concentration of graphite powder in concentrated sulfuric acid is 40mg/mL, graphite powder particle size is 325 mesh, mass concentration of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 98%, mass fraction of the hydrogen peroxide used is 30%, adding amount of water for the two times is 45-50 mL and 40-50 mL respectively, pickling with 5% dilute hydrochloric acid to get rid of sulfate, manganese ions and other impurity ions, preparing carbon-coated niobium pentoxide composite reduction graphene oxide precursor, dissolving graphene oxide, niobium pentachloride and glucose in polyethylene glycol-400, and then sonicating them for period of time to make them uniformly mixed, stirring uniformly, transferring resulting solution to container, and treating with a microwave of 700-900 watt power for 6-10 minutes, cooling to room temperature naturally, and collecting precipitate to obtain carbon-coated niobium pentoxide composite reduced graphite oxide precursor, mass ratio of the graphite oxide to niobium pentachloride is 1:5.4, mass ratio of the graphite oxide to glucose is 1:3.6, mass concentration of graphite oxide in polyethylene glycol-400 is 2.5mg/mL, ultrasonic treatment time is 15-30 minutes, washing precursor twice or more with water and absolute ethanol to remove impurities, freeze-drying for period of time until sample is dry; and (B) calcining dried carbon-coated niobium pentoxide composite reduced graphene oxide sample at high temperature under certain temperature in inert atmosphere for period of time to promote better crystallization of the sample, freeze-drying temperature is about (-)40-(-)50 degrees C, freeze-drying time is about 8-12 hours, high-temperature calcination temperature is 600-800 degrees C, and high-temperature calcination time is 1-3 hours.