▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - The nanoparticle probe (10) has a core (12) having a substantially spherical shape and a conductive shell (14) is mounted over the core. An electrochromic polymer coating (16) is mounted over the conductive shell. A biological coating (18) including a lipids, proteins, or peptides integrated with or mounted over the electrochromic polymer. The core is formed from a dielectric material or a magnetic material. The core includes a silica or magnetite. The core has a diameter from about 80 nm to about 150 nm. A diameter is from about 140 nm to about 200 nm. The conductive shell includes graphene, gold, silver, aluminum, copper, titanium, magnesium, palladium, and zirconium. The electrochromic polymer coating includes a poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxy thiophene): polystyrene sulfonate, polypyrrole, poly aniline, or poly (3, 4-propylenedioxy thiophene). USE - Nanoparticle probe is useful in system for detecting neural activity. The system-on-a-nanoparticle probes which act as neurophotonic solution-dispersible wireless activity reporters and may be used for massively multiplexed measurements, enabling wireless detection of in vivo bioelectrical signals. ADVANTAGE - The system-on-a-nanoparticle probes act as neurophotonic solution-dispersible wireless activity reporters and may be used for massively multiplexed measurements, enabling wireless detection of in vivo bioelectrical signals. The nanoparticle probes enable non-invasive measurement of in-vivo electro-physiological activity using near-infrared light. In particular, the nanoparticle probe is configured to convert electrophysiological activity to an optically detectable signal that can be picked up from outside the brain using a second window near infrared (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm) light. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following: a method for monitoring neural activity; and a system for monitoring neural activity. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a nanoparticle probe. 10Nanoparticle probes 12Core 14Conductive shell 16Electrochromic polymer coating 18Biological coating