▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Preparing copper-based catalyst, comprises either (i) mixing monovalent copper salt, bridging ligand and solvent in a vacuum glove box filled with inert gas, and placing in an electromagnetic stirrer for electromagnetic stirring, (ii) adding porous carrier into mixed solution, stirring, and cooling, and (iii) quickly taking out mixture and drying in vacuum oven to obtain homobinuclear copper(I) catalyst; or (1) dissolving divalent copper salt, and bridging ligand in solvent A in the vacuum glove box filled with inert gas, and mixing and placing in electromagnetic stirrer and carrying out electromagnetic stirring, (2) adding terminal ligand and solvent B into mixed solution A in the vacuum glove box, and continuing stirring, (3) adding the porous carrier into mixed solution B, stirring, and cooling, and (4) quickly taking out the mixture and drying to obtain homobinuclear copper(II) catalyst. USE - The copper-based catalyst is useful in preparing vinyl chloride by acetylene hydrochlorination reaction (claimed). ADVANTAGE - The copper-based catalyst: has long stability and super high activity in the acetylene hydrochlorination reaction, and excellent economic applicability. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preparing copper-based catalyst, comprises either (i) mixing monovalent copper salt, bridging ligand and solvent in a vacuum glove box filled with inert gas, and placing in an electromagnetic stirrer for electromagnetic stirring for 2-24 hours to obtain a mixed solution, where the magnetic field strength is 50-500 T, the molar ratio between bridging ligand and copper(+) is 1:1-2, the concentration of monovalent copper salt in the mixed solution is 0.5-2 mol/l, and the bridging ligand is 4-vinylpyridine, 2-aminopyridine, 1,10-phenanthroline, N,N'-bis(2-aminoethyl)oxamide, N,N'-bis(3-aminopropyl)oxamide, 4,4'-methylenedianiline, 5-methylisophthalic acid, or ortho-bisN,N'-bis(2-benzimidazolylmethyl)amino-trans-cyclohexane, (ii) adding porous carrier into the mixed solution in the vacuum glove box filled with inert gas, maintaining the temperature at 50-200 ℃, stirring for 2-8 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature and allowing to stand for 8-24 hours, where the mass ratio between copper(+) in the mixed solution and porous carrier is 0.08-0.3:1, and (iii) quickly taking out the mixture obtained in step (ii) and drying in vacuum oven at 50-150 ℃ for 12-24 hours to obtain homobinuclear copper(I) catalyst; or (1) dissolving divalent copper salt, and bridging ligand in solvent A in the vacuum glove box filled with inert gas, and mixing and placing in electromagnetic stirrer and carrying out electromagnetic stirring for 2-12 hours to obtain mixed solution A, where the magnetic field strength is 50-500 T, the molar ratio between bridging ligand and copper(2+) is 1:1-3, and the concentration of the divalent copper salt in the mixed solution A is 0.5-2 mol/l, and the bridging ligand is 4-vinylpyridine, 2-aminopyridine, diethylenetriamine, N,N'-bis(2-aminoethyl)oxamide, N,N'-bis(2-aminopropyl)oxamide, N,N'-bis(3-aminopropyl)oxamide, 4,4'-methylenedianiline, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether, 5-methylisophthalic acid, ammonium oxalate, tris(3-aminopropyl)amine, or ortho-bisN,N'-bis(2-benzimidazolylmethyl)amino-trans-cyclohexane, (2) adding terminal ligand and solvent B into the mixed solution A in the vacuum glove box, and continuing stirring for 2-12 hours to obtain mixed solution B, where the molar ratio between terminal ligands and copper(2+) in the mixed solution A is 1:1-2, and the terminal ligand is 1,10-phenanthroline, methylmalonic acid, pyridine, 2,2'-bipyridine, 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine, 5-nitro-1,10-phenanthroline, terephthalaldehyde, 2,5-dimethoxyphenyl-1,3-dialdehyde, or 2,2,2-triaminoethylamine, (3) adding the porous carrier into the mixed solution B, maintaining the temperature at 50-100 ℃, stirring for 2-8 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature, and allowing to stand for 8-24 hours, where the mass ratio between copper(2+) in the mixed solution B and the porous carrier is 0.1-0.3:1, and (4) quickly taking out the mixture obtained in step (3) and drying in the vacuum oven at 50-150 ℃ for 12-24 hours to obtain homobinuclear copper(II) catalyst. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for: copper-based catalyst prepared by above method; and use of copper-based catalyst in preparing vinyl chloride by acetylene hydrochlorination reaction, comprising placing the copper-based catalyst in fixed-bed reactor, introducing raw material gas hydrochloric acid and acetylene, maintaining the reaction temperature at 120-200 ℃ under 0.01-2 MPa, and reacting to obtain vinyl chloride.