▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Transparent electrode 114 comprises a transparent substrate and a composite layer disposed on it, where the composite layer includes a graphene layer and nanoparticles, the nanoparticles are embedded in the graphene layer and extended through a thickness of the graphene layer, the nanoparticles are in direct contact with the transparent substrate and a gap is present between the graphene layer and transparent substrate. USE - Transparent electrode used in photovoltaic cells, solar cells, dye-sensitized solar cells, transistors and field effect transistors ADVANTAGE - The transparent electrode is mechanically flexible or rigid and exhibits high electron mobility and light transmittance and low surface resistivity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for method a method for fabricating transparent electrode, which involves: a. depositing nanoparticles on a surface of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) substrate; b. heating the CVD substrate and nanoparticles at 900degreesC and at sub-atmospheric pressure; c. contacting a gaseous mixture comprising methane and hydrogen with nanoparticles and CVD substrate, where hydrogen catalyzes a reaction between the methane and CVD substrate to deposit carbon atoms on the surface of CVD substrate to form a composite layer with a graphene layer; d. cooling the CVD substrate and composite layer; e. disposing transparent substrate on the composite layer, where the transparent substrate comprises quartz, glass, polymethylmethacrylate, polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethernitrile, polyethersulfone, polystyrene, polycarbonate, styrene acrylonitrile, styrene methyl methacrylate or methyl methacrylate butadiene styrene; and f. removing the CVD substrate with an etchant to fabricate the transparent electrode. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows schematic view of a solar cell, where the transparent substrate is the working electrode of the solar cell. Transparent electrode (114) Solar cell (200) Cathode (204) Electrolyte (206) Solar radiation (210)