▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Graphene oxide loaded nanocarrier for targeted delivery of anticancer drug like gemcitabine. USE - The graphene oxide loaded nanocarrier is useful for targeted delivery of anticancer drug like gemcitabine (claimed) or for controlled loading and targeted delivery of multiple drugs, where gemcitabine is useful for inhibiting the growth of human xenografts from carcinoma of the lung, pancreas, ovaries, head and neck, and breast. No biological data given. ADVANTAGE - The nanocarrier: provides gemcitabine loaded graphene oxide that has potential to reduce the dose of drug and multiple dosing, and has potential targeting ability on ovarian anticancer cell or cancer cell; produces a functional graphene oxide with good biocompatibility and physiological stability; achieves the controlled drug release up to 9 hours; exhibits drug entrapment and loading efficiency of gemcitabine are 40% and 55% respectively; and exhibits increased therapeutic efficacy. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for preparing gemcitabine loaded graphene oxide comprising (a) synthesizing graphene oxide by the oxidation of graphite powder according to Hummer's method with slight modification, (b) adding 3 g graphite powder to concentrated 70 ml sulfuric acid with temperature below 10° C by using an ice bath, (c) slowly adding 9 g potassium permanganate to the above mixture of the step (b), (d) after few hours of reaction, forming a viscous slurry, and raising reaction temperature to 40° C for 1 hour, (e) to this reaction mixture formed in step (d), adding 100 ml distilled water (DW) by controlling the temperature below 20° C and adding remaining amount of DW water further to attend the room temperature condition, (f) subsequently, adding 15 ml hydrogen peroxide to unbound graphene sheets, (g) then washing the reaction mixture washed with 10% hydrochloric acid followed by DW, and separating the suspension by centrifugation at 5000 rotation/minute for 5 minutes to collect graphene oxide nanosheets, (h) centrifuging supernatant again at 15000 rotation/minute for 20 minutes, (i) lyophilizing the collected solid material of graphene oxide at 40° C and used further for fabrication with gemcitabine, (j) dispersing 100 mg synthesized graphene oxide into 100 ml DW and ultrasonicated for 10 minutes to make the homogenous suspension, (k) adding 10 mg/20 ml equivalent concentration of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) to the suspension formed in step (j) and stirred at room temperature, where EDC acts as the catalyst, and (l) continuing the covalent interaction between gemcitabine and graphene oxide for 24hours at 500° C, recovering the solid further by centrifugation at 8000 rotation/minute for 20 minutes, and washing thrice with DW to remove excess gemcitabine and unreacted EDC.