▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Treatment of an inflammatory disease in a subject comprises administering a carbon material, e.g. graphene quantum dots, selectively targeting T cells in the subject. USE - Method for the treatment of an inflammatory disease in a subject such as a mammal, e.g. human being. The inflammatory disease includes chronic inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, T cell-mediated diseases, T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases, T cell-mediated inflammatory diseases, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, reactive arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, glomerulonephritis, psoriasis, scleroderma, alopecia areata, type 1 diabetes mellitus, celiac sprue disease, colitis, pernicious anemia, encephalomyelitis, vasculitis, thyroiditis, Addison's disease, Sjogren's syndrome, antiphospholipid syndrome, autoimmune cardiomyopathy, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, autoimmune hepatitis, autoimmune inner ear disease, autoimmune lymphoproliferative disorder, autoimmune peripheral neuropathy, pancreatitis, polyendocrine syndrome, thrombocytopenic purpura, uveitis, Behcet's disease, narcolepsy, myositis, polychondritis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, graft-versus-host disease, and/or chronic graft rejection (all claimed). The subject may be a non-human animal (e.g. mice or rats), or larger mammals (e.g. dogs, monkeys, pigs, cattle, or horses). ADVANTAGE - The method treats inflammatory diseases without causing generalized immunosuppression or cell death, and without side effects including malignancies (e.g. cancer). DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for modulating T cells, by ex-vivo incubating the T cells with a carbon material, in the presence of other types of immune cells.