▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Preparing solar cell having transparent electrode, involves: i) forming alcohol dispersion comprising nanoparticles; ii) spraying dispersion on substrate to deposit nanoparticles; iii) heating substrate and nanoparticles; iv) contacting gaseous mixture of methane and hydrogen, with nanoparticles and substrate, forming composite layer with graphene layer, nanoparticles are embedded in graphene layer and extend through the layer; v) cooling substrate and composite layer; vi) disposing transparent substrate comprising quartz, glass, polymethylmethacrylate, polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethernitrile, polyethersulfone, polystyrene, polycarbonate, styrene acrylonitrile, styrene methyl methacrylate and/or methyl methacrylate butadiene styrene; vii) fabricating electrode; viii) applying electrolyte on composite layer; and ix) applying cathode on electrolyte. USE - Method is used for preparing solar cell having transparent electrode. ADVANTAGE - The prepared solar cell has high efficiency enabled by the high electron mobility in the composite layer. The presence of oxygen functional groups on surface of transparent substrate, enables the step of disposing/placing the transparent substrate on the composite layer, and hence prolongs the lifetime of the transparent electrode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preparation of a solar cell having a transparent electrode(114), involves: i) forming an alcohol dispersion comprising nanoparticles; ii) spraying the dispersion on a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) substrate to deposit the nanoparticles on the surface of CVD substrate; iii) heating the CVD substrate and nanoparticles to 900°C or more, at sub-atmospheric pressure; iv) contacting a gaseous mixture comprising methane and hydrogen, with nanoparticles and CVD substrate, where hydrogen catalyzes reaction between methane and CVD substrate to deposit carbon atoms on the surface of CVD substrate, forming a composite layer with graphene layer, the nanoparticles are embedded in the graphene layer and extend through a thickness of the graphene layer; v) cooling the CVD substrate and the composite layer; vi) disposing a transparent substrate on the composite layer, where the transparent substrate comprises quartz, glass, polymethylmethacrylate, polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethernitrile, polyethersulfone, polystyrene, polycarbonate, styrene acrylonitrile, styrene methyl methacrylate and/or methyl methacrylate butadiene styrene; vii) removing the CVD substrate with an etchant, for fabricating the transparent electrode, where nanoparticles are in direct contact with the transparent substrate and a gap is present between the graphene layer and the transparent substrate; viii) applying an electrolyte (206) on the composite layer of the transparent electrode; and ix) applying a cathode (204) on the electrolyte, to ionically and electrically connect the cathode to the transparent electrode. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows schematic view of solar cell. 114Transparent electrode 204Cathode 206Electrolyte 208Load 210Solar radiation