▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Three-dimensional (A1) aerogel comprises (a) many crystalline reduced graphene oxide sheets, and (b) a resorcinol-formaldehyde polymer (R/F polymer), where the resorcinol-formaldehyde polymer is disposed between the crystalline reduced graphene oxide sheets and randomly forms covalent bonds with the crystalline reduced graphene oxide sheets, the content of the crystalline reduced graphene oxide sheets is 39-41 wt.%, and the aerogel has porosity of 97-99%, macropores of average size of 50-100 μ m, an electrical conductivity of 710-730 S/m at 25° C, density of 70-80 mg/cm3, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface of 350-450 m2/g. USE - The three-dimensional aerogel is useful in electrode for electrochemical devices (claimed) e.g. supercapacitors, batteries, fuel cells and sensors. ADVANTAGE - The aerogel has porosity of 97-99%, preferably 97.6% or 95-99%, preferably 96%, macropores of average size of 50-100 μ m or 5-15 μ m, electrical conductivity of 710-730 S/m, preferably 719 S/m, or 850-870 S/m, preferably 852 S/m at 25° C at 25° C, density of 70-80 mg/cm3, preferably 73 mg/cm3, or 80-85 mg/cm3, preferably 82 mg/cm3, and BET surface of 350-450 m2/g, preferably 385 m2/g, or 400-450 m2/g, preferably 422 m2/g. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for: obtaining (P1) the aerogel, comprising (i) preparing precursor solution of resorcinol (R), formaldehyde (F) and graphene oxide (GO) by dissolving resorcinol in graphene oxide aqueous suspension under constant stirring, where the graphene oxide aqueous suspension has a concentration of 5-10 mg/ml in graphene oxide, adding formaldehyde, where the moles of formaldehyde added are double that the moles of resorcinol and the dilution ratio (D) is 200, and the dilution ratio (D) that is equal to (moles R+ moles F)/(mol of total solvent), (ii) heating the precursor solution obtained in the step (i) at 70-95° C by means of microwave oven for at least 3 hours, (iii) dehydrating the organic polymer obtained in step (ii) by freeze-dryer for at least 24 hours, and (iv) carbonizing the dried aerogel at 1000-1100° C, under inert atmosphere for at least 1 hour; a three-dimensional (A2) aerogel comprising the components (a)-(b) as per se, where the aerogel comprises 15-17 wt.% crystalline reduced graphene oxide sheets, and the aerogel has porosity of 95-99%, macropores of average size of 5-15 μ m, an electrical conductivity of 850-870 S/m at 25° C, density of 80-85 mg/cm3, and BET surface of 400-450 m2/g; obtaining (P2) the aerogel (A2) comprising the steps (i) as per se, where the dilution ratio (D) is 60, (v) adjusting the pH of the precursor solution obtained in step (i) to by adding sodium hydroxide, (vi) heating the mixture obtained in step (v) at 70-95° C by microwave oven for at least 3 hours, (vii) dehydrating the organic polymer obtained in the step (vi) by freeze-dryer for a period of time of at least 24 hours, (viii) carbonizing the dried aerogel obtained in step (vii) at 1000-1100° C, under inert atmosphere for a period of time of at least 1 hour; and electrode for electrochemical devices, comprising the aerogels (A1)-(A2).