▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Article comprises a nanoporous membrane, a nanoporous graphene sheet is layered on the nanoporous membrane and a 3,3-bis(trifluoromethyl)-3-hydroxylpropylamino group is covalently bound on only a side of the nanoporous graphene sheet is opposed to the nanoporous membrane. USE - Article. ADVANTAGE - The article is provides enhanced fluxes of water while both selectively rejecting salts and other biohazardous entities and simultaneously resisting chemical degradation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for following: (1) a membrane, which comprises first article and a second article is layered on the first articles are layered with the 3,3-bis(trifluoromethyl)-3-hydroxylpropylamino groups of both articles facing each other; and (2) a method involves flowing seawater through the membrane.