▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - The preparation method of three-dimensional graphene/mesoporous carbon sphere composite material involves mixing phenol, formaldehyde solution and sodium hydroxide, then adding structure-directing agent, water and dilute solution and continuously stirring, hydro-thermally reacting mixture, filtering, and drying to obtain mesoporous polymer beads, adding mixed solution of water and ethanol to mesoporous polymer beads, then dropping aqueous ammonia, tetraethyl orthosilicate and mesoporous polymer beads, drying product, and calcining. USE - The method is useful for preparing three-dimensional graphene/mesoporous carbon sphere composite material, which is useful in supercapacitor, capacitive desalination, lithium ion batteries and sodium-ion batteries. ADVANTAGE - The method enables preparation of three-dimensional graphene/mesoporous carbon sphere composite material with excellent specific surface area and stability and rich hole structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The preparation method of three-dimensional graphene/mesoporous carbon sphere composite material involves mixing 37 wt.% phenol and formaldehyde solution and 0.1-1 mol/l sodium hydroxide and stirring at 30-40 degrees C for half an hour, then adding structure-directing agent and stirring at 50-70 degrees C for 2-5 hours, adding 30-100 ml water and continuously stirring for 16-24 hours, again adding 10-50 wt.% dilute solution, hydro-thermally reacting mixture at 120-180 degrees C for 18-36 hours, filtering, and drying at room temperature to obtain mesoporous polymer beads, adding mixed solution of water and ethanol in weight ratio of 1: 3-6 to mesoporous polymer beads, ultrasonically processing for 0.5-2 hours, then dropping aqueous ammonia, tetraethyl orthosilicate and mesoporous polymer beads in mass ratio of 1:20-50:20-50 and continuously stirring for 8-10 hours to obtain silica-coated polymer spheres, adding 1-5 wt.%, 50-200 ml cationic surfactant aqueous solution to silica-coated polymer spheres, stirring at 40-60 degrees C for 12-36 hours, filtering and washing with water to obtain cationic surfactant-modified silica coated polymer spheres, dispersing cationic surfactant-modified silica coated polymer spheres in graphene oxide aqueous solution, where the mass ratio of polymer beads and graphene oxide is 1:0.1-5, drying product, calcining at 400-700 degrees C for 3-5 hours, 800-1000 degrees C for 2-5 hours and heating rate of 4-6 degrees C/minute.