▎ 摘　　要

NOVELTY - Carbon electrode (10) comprises a graphene having a graphene skeleton, where carbon atoms in the graphene skeleton are partially substituted by a nitrogen atom, the graphene contains an oxygen atom, and the carbon electrode is doped with a cation. USE - The carbon electrode is useful as: a negative electrode in a photoelectric conversion device (claimed); and a transmissive or conductive electrode for a dye-sensitized solar cell, an organic thin-film solar cell and an electronic paper. ADVANTAGE - The carbon electrode: has a high stability and a low work function; lowers an energy barrier between the negative electrode and an n-type semiconductor layer in a photoelectric conversion layer to improve the electron transfer efficiency when the carbon electrode is used as a negative electrode; and releases electrons under a low threshold voltage when the carbon electrode is used as a field electron emission source. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for producing a carbon electrode, comprising treating a graphene oxide with hydrazine and electrochemically reducing the hydrazine-treated graphene oxide in a supporting electrolyte solution. DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a conceptual view of a compound thin-film solar cell as a photoelectric conversion device. Carbon electrode (10) Metal nanowire layer (13) Substrate (61) Back electrode (62) Transparent electrode layer (66)